Little more than 19 months after a peaceful coup ended over 50 years of Bongo family rule, Gabon is gearing up for a significant political event. On Saturday, the nation will vote to elect a new head of state, marking a departure from the trend of military leaders in Africa who often cling to power. The favorite in this election is Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, the man who led the coup and has since taken center stage in Gabonese politics.
Oligui Nguema, who has traded his military uniform for a politician’s suit, is running against seven other candidates. His popularity stems from a public relieved to see the end of dynastic governance, especially after the controversial rule of Ali Bongo Ondimba. Oligui Nguema is expected to win decisively, bolstered by electoral rules that have sidelined some of his strongest competitors.
His campaign slogan, “C’BON,” cleverly plays on the French phrase meaning “it’s good,” reflecting his optimistic message. If he wins, Oligui Nguema will secure a seven-year term, giving him the opportunity to push forward development and modernization efforts in Gabon, a country rich in oil and manganese.
Gabon, with a population of about 2.5 million, has mostly enjoyed stability compared to its neighbors, despite a harsh crackdown in 2016 following a disputed election. Oligui Nguema’s rise to power came after a military intervention on August 30, 2023, which was welcomed by many Gabonese who were frustrated with the Bongo regime. The coup was triggered when electoral authorities announced Bongo had won a third term in a highly questionable election.
The former president had been in power since 2009, following his father’s lengthy rule. His attempt to run again raised eyebrows, especially after he suffered a stroke and appeared physically unfit for the demands of the office. The military’s swift action to remove him was met with joy from citizens who had grown weary of the Bongo dynasty.
In a notable contrast to other military leaders in the region, Oligui Nguema has embraced a more democratic approach. He has sought to build a broad coalition, inviting former opponents and civil society figures into his transitional government. Political prisoners have been released, although Bongo’s wife and son remain detained on corruption charges.
Internationally, Oligui Nguema has worked to maintain good relations, particularly with France, the former colonial power. His government has also started to take steps to reassure international partners and restore civilian governance within a clear timeframe. This diplomatic approach contrasts sharply with the anti-Western sentiments seen in some West African nations.
As the election approaches, Oligui Nguema faces the challenge of meeting the high expectations of the Gabonese people. His administration has already begun public works projects, but he will need to balance the demands of urban populations for jobs and services with the need to protect the country’s rich natural resources.
The upcoming election is not just a test for Oligui Nguema; it represents a pivotal moment for Gabon as it seeks to move beyond decades of dynastic rule and embrace a new chapter in its political history.