A concerning spike in hepatitis A cases has been reported across several European countries, raising alarms among health officials. Between January and May 2025, Austria, Czechia, Hungary, and Slovakia have collectively seen over 2,000 cases of this viral infection, according to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC).
The outbreak is particularly severe in Slovakia, which has documented 880 cases, while Czechia follows with 600 cases and six reported deaths. Hungary has seen 530 cases, and Austria has reported 87. This surge in infections comes as travelers flock to popular destinations in these countries, prompting health authorities to issue warnings.
Hepatitis A is an acute viral liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). It spreads mainly through contaminated food or water, as well as through close contact with infected individuals. Dr. Marc Siegel, a senior medical analyst at Fox News, emphasized that the disease is easily transmitted, especially among food handlers, and can lead to serious illness.
The ECDC has noted that certain groups, including the homeless, drug users, and those living in unsanitary conditions, are at higher risk. The severity of the disease increases with age, making older adults particularly vulnerable. For those who have not been vaccinated or previously infected, the risk remains significant.
Symptoms of hepatitis A can include dark urine, fatigue, fever, joint pain, nausea, and jaundice. However, not everyone infected will show symptoms. The CDC warns that timely vaccination can prevent illness if administered within two weeks of exposure.
In response to the outbreak, the ECDC is urging targeted vaccination efforts and increased awareness among high-risk groups. They are also calling for investigations into the potential sources of transmission, which may include foodborne routes.
Health officials stress the importance of maintaining basic sanitation and providing access to vaccinations, especially in communities most affected by the outbreak. As the situation develops, authorities are closely monitoring the spread of the virus to implement measures that can curb this alarming trend.